GRAMMATICAL TENSES
✅ 1. Present Simple
Use: Habits, routines, facts
Structure: Subject + base verb (+s/es)
Examples:
I read every night.
She lives in London.
The sun rises in the east.
🔄 2. Present Continuous (Progressive)
Use: Actions happening now or around now
Structure: Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
Examples:
I am studying English.
They are playing football.
She is working today.
🕰️ 3. Past Simple
Use: Completed actions in the past
Structure: Subject + past verb
Examples:
He walked to school.
They visited Paris.
She ate pizza.
🔁 4. Past Continuous
Use: Action in progress at a moment in the past
Structure: Subject + was/were + verb-ing
Examples:
I was reading at 8 pm.
They were dancing.
She was watching TV.
🔮 5. Future Simple
Use: Predictions, decisions, promises
Structure: Subject + will + base verb
Examples:
I will call you tomorrow.
He will travel next year.
It will rain.
🔄 6. Future Continuous
Use: Action in progress in the future
Structure: Subject + will be + verb-ing
Examples:
I will be studying at 7 pm.
They will be working.
She will be sleeping.
⏮️ 7. Present Perfect
Use: Past action with present result, or life experience
Structure: Subject + have/has + past participle
Examples:
I have visited Spain.
She has lived here for 3 years.
They have eaten already.
⏱️ 8. Past Perfect
Use: Action that happened before another past action
Structure: Subject + had + past participle
Examples:
I had finished dinner before he arrived.
She had gone to bed.
They had studied English.
🔮 ⏳ 9. Future Perfect
Use: Action that will be completed before a certain future time
Structure: Subject + will have + past participle
Examples:
I will have finished by 5 pm.
She will have left already.
They will have graduated.
HERE YOU HAVE PARTS OF SPEECH
What are parts of speech?
Parts of speech are the categories into which words are classified based on their functions in a sentence. They are the fundamental building blocks of grammar, grouping words into categories based on their roles and how they function within a sentence.
These categories help us understand how words relate to each other and contribute to the overall meaning of a sentence.
What are the 8 English parts of speech?
Here are the eight parts of speech:
Tabla de los modal verbs
| Verb | Use |
| Can | Ability |
| Could | Second conditional Ability in the past |
| May | Probability Permission requests |
| Might | Probability |
| Must | Obligation |
| Should | Obligation Recommendation |
| Will | Future tense Intention to do something |
| Would | Second conditional Reported speech |
| Shall | Future tense |
| Ought to | Obligation Recommendation |
Cómo conjugar los verbos modales
La fórmula de conjugación para los verbos modales es la siguiente:
Verbos modales en oraciones afirmativas
Colocamos el sujeto, luego el verbo modal seguido del verbo principal sin agregar to.
Sujeto + verbo modal + infinitivo sin el “to”
Modal verbs en negativas
Utilizamos la misma fórmula agregando el not al verbo modal:
Sujeto + verbo + not + infinitivo sin to
Modal verbs en interrogativas
Invertimos la posición del sujeto y el verbo.
Verbo modal + sujeto + infinitivo sin to
Oraciones de los verbos modales
- I can run fast. (Puedo correr rápido).
- I cannot / can’t run fast. (No puedo correr rápido).
- Can I run fast? (¿Puedo correr rápido?)
- We could visit our friends. (Podríamos visitar a nuestros amigos).
- We could not/ couldn’t visit our friends .(No pudimos visitar a nuestros amigos).
- Could we visit our friends? (¿Podríamos visitar a nuestros amigos?)
- My telephone must be broken. (Mi teléfono debe estar roto).
- Can you help me? (¿Puede ayudarme?).
- I could help you. (Podría ayudarte).
- I might come to your party. (Es posible que vaya a tu fiesta).
- May I go to the bathroom? (¿Podría ir al baño?).
Ejercicios de modal verbs
A. Escribe las siguientes frases en la forma que falta (afirmativa, negativa o pregunta)
- I will come to your party.
- You might start school next Friday.
- They shouldn’t smile.
- Must we practice every day?
- She shall visit her parents.
- May I sit here?
B. Completa con el verbo modal apropiado
- He (go) to the University to get a Degree.
- We (take) the bus. It is a long distance.
- They (be) cold. It is freezing outside.
- You (be) more polite.
- She (fall) from the tree if she is not careful.
- We (study) for the test.
- I (visit) my parents next week.
- You (drink) and drive.
- Peter (ask) for help if he needed.
C. Llena con el verbo modal que corresponde
- The boys ______ clean their room.
- ______ you give me a ride home?
- I ______ call you! My phone ran out of battery!
- We _____ stay outside! It’s raining!
- I am hungry. I_____ have a snack.
- _____ I go to the bathroom?
- My daughter ______ lower the volume. Her music is too loud!
- _____ we leave now? It is getting late.
- Robert ______ go with you to the theater if you buy him a ticket.
- My friends _______ love to know you!
D. Elige la respuesta correcta
1) Martha _____ play the piano beautifully. And also the chelo.
- would
- could
- can
- must
2) You _______ wear a swimsuit to enter the pool. It is a rule.
- will
- shall
- must
- could
- may
3) I ______ sleep last night! My neighbors had a loud party.
- mustn’t
- couldn’t
- shouldn’t
- can’t
4) Our dog _____ come inside the house only if he behaves well.
- would
- hall
- may
- must
Final Thoughts
Mastering English grammar takes time, but with the right tools and daily practice, it becomes easier and even fun! Remember: mistakes are part of learning—what matters most is consistency and curiosity.
If you found this post helpful, don’t forget to check out the Tips and Lessons sections for more grammar help, practice exercises, and fun activities.
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